Introduction to Functions and Structure of Tank Trucks

Oil tank truck, also known as mobile fuel truck, computer-controlled fuel truck, oil tanker, fuel truck, oil transportation tanker, edible oil transportation tanker, is mainly used for transportation and storage of derived products of petroleum (such as gasoline, diesel, crude oil, lubricating oil, and coal tar, etc.). It has various functions for fueling or oil transportation according to different purposes and usage environments, such as oil suction, oil pumping, and various oil distribution and dispensing functions.

Special functions of oil tank truck

• Tank material: carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, pure aluminum tank, rubber-lined, roll-formed, plastic tank, fiberglass tank, etc. can be used according to requirements.

• Tank shape: square, circular, elliptical, or cylindrical.
  

• Oil pump: self-priming pump, gear pump, chemical pump, stainless steel pump, centrifugal pump, heavy oil pump, etc. Oil meter: single counter, double counter, and tax-controlled fuel dispenser.

  
  

  
  

• Breathing valve of oil tank truck: to ensure that the internal pressure of the tank and atmospheric pressure are basically the same during the operation of the fuel truck, a breathing valve is installed on the large cover of the tank. When the oil in the tank expands due to heating or when the oil pump is used to refuel the tank, the oil surface in the tank rises, the pressure increases. When the internal pressure of the tank exceeds the external pressure by 8KPA, the valve disc on the breathing valve is opened; when the oil is discharged externally by the oil pump or the oil shrinks due to cooling, the oil surface drops, and the pressure decreases. When the internal pressure of the tank is below the external pressure by 3KPA, the valve disc on the breathing valve is opened.
  

• Functions: can have independent compartments and can distribute different oils, chemicals, and foods. Its design can realize functions of pumping in and out according to meter, pumping in and out not according to meter, and self-flow according to meter or not according to meter, etc.

Tank structure of oil tank truck

Oil tank trucks are composed of a special vehicle chassis and an upper part, which includes a tank, a power take-off, a drive shaft, a gear oil pump, a pipe network system, etc. The pipe network system is composed of oil pumps, three-way four-position ball valves, bi-directional ball valves, filters, and pipes. Ensuring hygienic, residue-free conditions inside a tanker truck is critical for industries transporting food, chemicals, or fuels. 

The oil tank is an elliptical cylinder or a trapezoid face cylinder made of high-quality steel plate. The entire tank is divided into single or multiple compartments, which can be divided into compartments with partition boards. Reinforcement wave plates are welded in the middle of each compartment to reduce the impact of oil in the tank during vehicle driving and increase the stiffness of the tank.

The dragging ground chain of the oil tank truck is not allowed to be entangled on the main beam. Just like other substances, oil can also generate static electricity when it comes into contact with another object. This static electricity can cause sparks and ignite the fuel, causing a fire. Therefore, an earthing wire should be installed on the oil depot, and an earthing iron chain should also be installed on the oil tank truck to prevent static electricity sparks inside the oil tank. This iron chain cannot be randomly entangled on the frame of the vehicle and must be placed on the ground. The dragging section should not be less than 50 cm.